Interactive graphics

class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide

# Interactive graphics

---

layout: true

<div class="my-footer">

by Dr. Lucy D'Agostino McGowan

</div>

---

## When interactive?

There are three main categories of tasks1 that interactive graphics can be useful for:

1. Exploratory data analysis
2. Understanding models / algorithms
3. When searching for information quickly without fully specified questions

.footnote[
[1] Sievert, Carson. Interactive web-based data visualization with R, plotly, and shiny. https://plotly-r.com/introduction.html
]

---

## How interactive?

Enter **plotly**! 
* The **plotly** package builds on what you already know using **ggplot**
* All you need to do [mostly] is wrap your ggplot calls in a `ggplotly()` function.

![](img/16/plotly.png)

---

## ggplot + plotly

.small[

```r
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point()
```

![](16-interactive-vis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png)
]

---

## ggplot + plotly

.question[
How could we save this plot as an R object to print later?
]

.small[

```r
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
  geom_point()
```

![](16-interactive-vis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png)
]

---

## ggplot + plotly

.question[
How could we save this plot as an R object to print later?
]

.small[

```r
p <- ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
 geom_point()
*p 
```

![](16-interactive-vis_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-5-1.png)
]

---

## ggplot + plotly

.small[

```r
*library(plotly)
p <- ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
 geom_point()
*ggplotly(p)
```

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]

---

## ggplot + plotly

This works for (almost) any ggplot!!

.small[

```r
*library(plotly)
p <- ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) + 
 geom_point()
*ggplotly(p)
```

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]

---

## Interactive Vis

* Create a ggplot examining the relationship between `height` and `mass` using the **starwars** dataset
* Make this plot interactive using the `ggplotly()` function

---

## More plotly magic

* Often when doing exploratory data analysis, it can be helpful to examine data points more closely
* the `highlight_key()` and `highlight()` functions in **plotly** can allow you to select certain points
* We can then use the **crosstalk** and **DT** packages to look more closely at these points

---

## More plotly magic

.question[
Note: the `::` syntax means that I am calling a function from a specific package, for example `crosstalk::bscols` means I am calling the `bscols` function from the `crosstalk` package.
]

```r
m <- highlight_key(mpg)
p <- ggplot(m, aes(displ, hwy)) + geom_point()
gg <- highlight(ggplotly(p), "plotly_selected")
crosstalk::bscols(gg, DT::datatable(m))
```

---

## More plotly magic

.small[

```r
m <- highlight_key(mpg)
p <- ggplot(m, aes(displ, hwy)) + geom_point()
gg <- highlight(ggplotly(p), "plotly_selected")
crosstalk::bscols(gg, DT::datatable(m))
```

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class=\"display\">\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th> <\/th>\n <th>manufacturer<\/th>\n <th>model<\/th>\n <th>displ<\/th>\n <th>year<\/th>\n <th>cyl<\/th>\n <th>trans<\/th>\n <th>drv<\/th>\n <th>cty<\/th>\n <th>hwy<\/th>\n <th>fl<\/th>\n <th>class<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n<\/table>","options":{"pageLength":5,"autoWidth":false,"columnDefs":[{"className":"dt-right","targets":[3,4,5,8,9]},{"orderable":false,"targets":0}],"order":[],"orderClasses":false,"lengthMenu":[5,10,25,50,100]},"selection":{"mode":"multiple","selected":null,"target":"row"}},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script>
</div>
</div>
</div>
]

---

## Interactive Vis

* Create an interactive plot of `height` by `mass` using the **starwars** data
* Add the ability to highlight specific points on this plot
* Using `crosstalk::bscols()` and `DT::datatable()` link this plot to a data table 
* Knit your .Rmd file and select the "outlier" to see details about this data point

---

## Interactive maps

* Another fun package in R is the **leaflet** package - this allows you to create interactive maps

---

## leaflet

* To get started, call the `leaflet()` function. Then `addTiles()`
* By default, **leaflet** uses OpenStreetMap map tiles

.small[

```r
library(leaflet)
leaflet() %>%
  addTiles()
```

<div id="htmlwidget-98d3844818fdff17b3d8" style="width:600px;height:450px;" class="leaflet html-widget"></div>
<script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-98d3844818fdff17b3d8">{"x":{"options":{"crs":{"crsClass":"L.CRS.EPSG3857","code":null,"proj4def":null,"projectedBounds":null,"options":{}}},"calls":[{"method":"addTiles","args":["//{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",null,null,{"minZoom":0,"maxZoom":18,"tileSize":256,"subdomains":"abc","errorTileUrl":"","tms":false,"noWrap":false,"zoomOffset":0,"zoomReverse":false,"opacity":1,"zIndex":1,"detectRetina":false,"attribution":"© <a href=\"http://openstreetmap.org\">OpenStreetMap<\/a> contributors, <a href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/\">CC-BY-SA<\/a>"}]}]},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script>
]

---

## leaflet

* To get started, call the `leaflet()` function. Then `addTiles()`
* You can add markers using `addMarkers()` with latitude and longitude specified

.small[

```r
library(leaflet)
leaflet() %>%
  addTiles() %>%
  addMarkers(lng = -80.2765, lat = 36.1334, popup = "Dr. D'Agostino McGowan's classroom")
```

<div id="htmlwidget-a7053d5a8b41c18c4c02" style="width:600px;height:450px;" class="leaflet html-widget"></div>
<script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-a7053d5a8b41c18c4c02">{"x":{"options":{"crs":{"crsClass":"L.CRS.EPSG3857","code":null,"proj4def":null,"projectedBounds":null,"options":{}}},"calls":[{"method":"addTiles","args":["//{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",null,null,{"minZoom":0,"maxZoom":18,"tileSize":256,"subdomains":"abc","errorTileUrl":"","tms":false,"noWrap":false,"zoomOffset":0,"zoomReverse":false,"opacity":1,"zIndex":1,"detectRetina":false,"attribution":"© <a href=\"http://openstreetmap.org\">OpenStreetMap<\/a> contributors, <a href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/\">CC-BY-SA<\/a>"}]},{"method":"addMarkers","args":[36.1334,-80.2765,null,null,null,{"interactive":true,"draggable":false,"keyboard":true,"title":"","alt":"","zIndexOffset":0,"opacity":1,"riseOnHover":false,"riseOffset":250},"Dr. D'Agostino McGowan's classroom",null,null,null,null,{"interactive":false,"permanent":false,"direction":"auto","opacity":1,"offset":[0,0],"textsize":"10px","textOnly":false,"className":"","sticky":true},null]}],"limits":{"lat":[36.1334,36.1334],"lng":[-80.2765,-80.2765]}},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script>
]

---

## leaflet

* You can pass a data frame to leaflet as well
* Dataset of seismic events off Fiji since 1964

.small[

```r
data(quakes)
quakes %>%
  slice(1:20) %>%
  leaflet() %>%
  addTiles() %>%
  addMarkers(~long, ~lat, 
             popup = ~as.character(mag), 
             label = ~as.character(mag))
```

<div id="htmlwidget-ddca37d1a76c0b37e1cc" style="width:600px;height:300px;" class="leaflet html-widget"></div>
<script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-ddca37d1a76c0b37e1cc">{"x":{"options":{"crs":{"crsClass":"L.CRS.EPSG3857","code":null,"proj4def":null,"projectedBounds":null,"options":{}}},"calls":[{"method":"addTiles","args":["//{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",null,null,{"minZoom":0,"maxZoom":18,"tileSize":256,"subdomains":"abc","errorTileUrl":"","tms":false,"noWrap":false,"zoomOffset":0,"zoomReverse":false,"opacity":1,"zIndex":1,"detectRetina":false,"attribution":"© <a href=\"http://openstreetmap.org\">OpenStreetMap<\/a> contributors, <a href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/\">CC-BY-SA<\/a>"}]},{"method":"addMarkers","args":[[-20.42,-20.62,-26,-17.97,-20.42,-19.68,-11.7,-28.11,-28.74,-17.47,-21.44,-12.26,-18.54,-21,-20.7,-15.94,-13.64,-17.83,-23.5,-22.63],[181.62,181.03,184.1,181.66,181.96,184.31,166.1,181.93,181.74,179.59,180.69,167,182.11,181.66,169.92,184.95,165.96,181.5,179.78,180.31],null,null,null,{"interactive":true,"draggable":false,"keyboard":true,"title":"","alt":"","zIndexOffset":0,"opacity":1,"riseOnHover":false,"riseOffset":250},["4.8","4.2","5.4","4.1","4","4","4.8","4.4","4.7","4.3","4.4","4.6","4.4","4.4","6.1","4.3","6","4.5","4.4","4.4"],null,null,null,["4.8","4.2","5.4","4.1","4","4","4.8","4.4","4.7","4.3","4.4","4.6","4.4","4.4","6.1","4.3","6","4.5","4.4","4.4"],{"interactive":false,"permanent":false,"direction":"auto","opacity":1,"offset":[0,0],"textsize":"10px","textOnly":false,"className":"","sticky":true},null]}],"limits":{"lat":[-28.74,-11.7],"lng":[165.96,184.95]}},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script>
]

---

## leaflet

.question[
What is different in the `addMarkers()` function?
]
.small[

```r
data(quakes)
quakes %>%
  slice(1:20) %>%
  leaflet() %>%
  addTiles() %>%
  addMarkers(~long, ~lat, 
             popup = ~as.character(mag), 
             label = ~as.character(mag))
```

<div id="htmlwidget-91659ec045be33adcb66" style="width:600px;height:300px;" class="leaflet html-widget"></div>
<script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-91659ec045be33adcb66">{"x":{"options":{"crs":{"crsClass":"L.CRS.EPSG3857","code":null,"proj4def":null,"projectedBounds":null,"options":{}}},"calls":[{"method":"addTiles","args":["//{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",null,null,{"minZoom":0,"maxZoom":18,"tileSize":256,"subdomains":"abc","errorTileUrl":"","tms":false,"noWrap":false,"zoomOffset":0,"zoomReverse":false,"opacity":1,"zIndex":1,"detectRetina":false,"attribution":"© <a href=\"http://openstreetmap.org\">OpenStreetMap<\/a> contributors, <a href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/\">CC-BY-SA<\/a>"}]},{"method":"addMarkers","args":[[-20.42,-20.62,-26,-17.97,-20.42,-19.68,-11.7,-28.11,-28.74,-17.47,-21.44,-12.26,-18.54,-21,-20.7,-15.94,-13.64,-17.83,-23.5,-22.63],[181.62,181.03,184.1,181.66,181.96,184.31,166.1,181.93,181.74,179.59,180.69,167,182.11,181.66,169.92,184.95,165.96,181.5,179.78,180.31],null,null,null,{"interactive":true,"draggable":false,"keyboard":true,"title":"","alt":"","zIndexOffset":0,"opacity":1,"riseOnHover":false,"riseOffset":250},["4.8","4.2","5.4","4.1","4","4","4.8","4.4","4.7","4.3","4.4","4.6","4.4","4.4","6.1","4.3","6","4.5","4.4","4.4"],null,null,null,["4.8","4.2","5.4","4.1","4","4","4.8","4.4","4.7","4.3","4.4","4.6","4.4","4.4","6.1","4.3","6","4.5","4.4","4.4"],{"interactive":false,"permanent":false,"direction":"auto","opacity":1,"offset":[0,0],"textsize":"10px","textOnly":false,"className":"","sticky":true},null]}],"limits":{"lat":[-28.74,-11.7],"lng":[165.96,184.95]}},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script>
]

---

## leaflet

.small[

```r
data(quakes)
quakes %>%
  slice(1:20) %>%
* mutate(color = ifelse(mag > 5, "red", "yellow")) %>%
  leaflet() %>%
  addTiles() %>%
* addCircleMarkers(~long, ~lat,
*            color = ~color,
*            label = ~as.character(mag))
```

<div id="htmlwidget-53e50a8ffd193c66d770" style="width:600px;height:300px;" class="leaflet html-widget"></div>
<script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-53e50a8ffd193c66d770">{"x":{"options":{"crs":{"crsClass":"L.CRS.EPSG3857","code":null,"proj4def":null,"projectedBounds":null,"options":{}}},"calls":[{"method":"addTiles","args":["//{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",null,null,{"minZoom":0,"maxZoom":18,"tileSize":256,"subdomains":"abc","errorTileUrl":"","tms":false,"noWrap":false,"zoomOffset":0,"zoomReverse":false,"opacity":1,"zIndex":1,"detectRetina":false,"attribution":"© <a href=\"http://openstreetmap.org\">OpenStreetMap<\/a> contributors, <a href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/\">CC-BY-SA<\/a>"}]},{"method":"addCircleMarkers","args":[[-20.42,-20.62,-26,-17.97,-20.42,-19.68,-11.7,-28.11,-28.74,-17.47,-21.44,-12.26,-18.54,-21,-20.7,-15.94,-13.64,-17.83,-23.5,-22.63],[181.62,181.03,184.1,181.66,181.96,184.31,166.1,181.93,181.74,179.59,180.69,167,182.11,181.66,169.92,184.95,165.96,181.5,179.78,180.31],10,null,null,{"interactive":true,"className":"","stroke":true,"color":["yellow","yellow","red","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","red","yellow","red","yellow","yellow","yellow"],"weight":5,"opacity":0.5,"fill":true,"fillColor":["yellow","yellow","red","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","yellow","red","yellow","red","yellow","yellow","yellow"],"fillOpacity":0.2},null,null,null,null,["4.8","4.2","5.4","4.1","4","4","4.8","4.4","4.7","4.3","4.4","4.6","4.4","4.4","6.1","4.3","6","4.5","4.4","4.4"],{"interactive":false,"permanent":false,"direction":"auto","opacity":1,"offset":[0,0],"textsize":"10px","textOnly":false,"className":"","sticky":true},null]}],"limits":{"lat":[-28.74,-11.7],"lng":[165.96,184.95]}},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script>
]

---

## Interactive Vis

* Load the **leaflet** package
* Load the `starbucks.csv` data
* Subset the starbucks data to only locations in North Carolina
* Use the **leaflet** package to plot the starbucks locations
* Label the locations by the `store_name` variable